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Weather Wise

The Elements of Weather

Understanding Basic Concepts
- explain the difference between weather and climate and the factors that influence both of these systems
- identify patterns in air movement
- identify the effects of air pressure


What is Weather?

http://oncampus.richmond.edu/academics/education/projects/webunits/weather/how.html

1. Define weather. The WEATHER is the condition of the atmosphere (or changes in the atmosphere) at a particular time and place.
2. What four factors affect weather

  • the air
  • the sun
  • water
  • the earth's movement

Weather vs Climate

http://www.bom.gov.au/lam/climate/index.htm
3. What is the difference between climate and weather?

Climate is what you expect; Weather is what you get.
Climate is about long-term records, trends and averages;
Weather is the day to day experience.

Climate is the sum or synthesis of all the weather recorded over a long period of time. It tells us the average or most common conditions, or extremes, or counts of events, or frequencies. Weather is a description of conditions over a short period of time - a "snap shot" of the atmosphere at a particular time.

If weather is the watch then climate is the calendar


Air Pressure

http://www.usatoday.com/weather/tg/whighlow/whighlow.htm
4. Complete the following chart:

High Pressure

Low Pressure

Air movement (up or down)
.
down
.
up
Temperature of air
As air sinks it heats up
.As air rises it cools
Wind movement at ground
.moves clockwise
.moves counter clockwise
Expected weather

low wind and nice weather
.
higher wind worse weather


Weather Wise

Measuring the Weather

Developing Skills of Inquiry, Design and Communication
- design, construct, and test a variety of weather instruments
- use appropriate vocabulary, including correct science and technology terminology, in describing their investigations and observations


The following web site describes some of the instruments meteorologists use to collect data about the weather.
http://oncampus.richmond.edu/academics/education/projects/webunits/weather/instruments.html
Use the information to complete the chart.
The source of this information is American so you may have to determine the equivalent metric unit to record in the chart.

Instrument Name
What It Measures
Unit of Measurement
barometer
measures atomispheric
pressure
millibars
thermometer
mesures air temperature
farienhiet or celcius

rain gauge
amount of rainfall
mm.
.
campbell strokes recorder

sunshine

glass ball
anemometer
wind speed
m.p.h
wind sock
wind
north south east west

hygrometer

temp. and humidity

ferinhiet and celsius


Weather Wise

Clouds

Understanding Basic Concepts
- explain the formation of clouds and the effects of different cloud formations on weather and climate


Use this web site to answer the following questions.
http://oncampus.richmond.edu/academics/education/projects/webunits/weather/clouds.html

1. What are clouds? Clouds are a major part of our weather.
2. Explain how clouds form.Clouds form when air cools below its saturation point and causes water vapor to condense into tiny water droplets. The water droplets then form a cloud.
3. What are the 3 "families" of clouds and what do their Latin names mean? There are three families of clouds: cirrus, cumulus, and stratus. These are the latin names given to clouds in 1804. Cirrus means 'curl of hair', cumulus means 'heap', and stratus means 'layer'
4. Follow the links to learn about each type of cloud and then complete the table on the next page.
To help you identify clouds, download, print and construct the following "Cloud Key".
http://teacher.scholastic.com/lessonrepro/reproducibles/profbooks/cloudkey.pdf
After completing the chart, you could try a Cloud Quiz at;
http://www.bom.gov.au/lam/Students_Teachers/animations/cloudzstart.shtml



Weather Wise

Forecasting

Understanding Basic Concepts
-recognize large-scale and local weather systems
- predict local weather patterns using data from their own observations of weather and from weather reports
- identify patterns in air movement

Read the details at http://weathereye.kgan.com/cadet/forecast/camp.html and follow the links.

Cloud Forecasting

Cloud Type
Description
Possible Weather
cirrus
thin and wispy
rain
altocumulus
a thin sheet
of white
or gray clouds

snow
nimbostratus
spread out
rainstorm
cumulus
puffy and low
rain
cumulonimbus
puffy and dark
rainstorms

Weather Wise

Warm and Cold Fronts

Understanding Basic Concepts
- explain the difference between warm and cold fronts and the factors that influence both of these systems
- identify types of weather associated with each front

http://www.worsleyschool.net/science/files/aboutweather/fronts.html

http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es2002/es2002page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization


Write the capital letter A or B at the end each sentence.

A = Cold Front B = Warm Front

1. Cool air mass - warm air mass moves in. B
2. Warm air mass - cool air mass moves in. A
3. Brings gentle rains that may last for hours or days. B
4. Strong winds are formed followed by heavy rain, crashing
thunder, and flashing lightning. A
5. When the front passes, the temperature warms up and it
becomes humid. A
6. When the front passes, the weather turns cooler. B
7. Farmer Brown prefers this type of front. B
8. Usually happens and is over with quickly. A